Rotator cuff injuries- Shoulder Pain

A rotator cuff tear occurs when the tendons that attach the rotator cuff muscles to the upper arm bone (humerus) are damaged. The tear may be partial, where the tendon is frayed, or complete, where the tendon is fully detached from the bone.

Common Causes

• Age-related wear and tear: Over time, tendons naturally weaken, making older adults more susceptible.

• Repetitive overhead activity: Sports like tennis, baseball, or swimming, and jobs that involve lifting or painting, can strain the shoulder.

• Injury or trauma: A sudden fall or lifting something heavy can cause an acute tear.

Symptoms to Watch For

• Persistent shoulder pain, especially at night or when lifting the arm

• Weakness when raising or rotating the arm

• Limited range of motion or stiffness

• A crackling or snapping sensation with movement

Diagnosis

Doctors typically use a combination of physical examination, MRI, or ultrasound imaging to confirm the size and severity of the tear.

Treatment Options

• Non-surgical care: Rest, physiotherapy, anti-inflammatory medication, and steroid injections can help relieve pain and improve function for partial tears.

• Surgical repair: For larger or complete tears, minimally invasive arthroscopic surgery may be required to reattach the tendon.

• Rehabilitation: Post-treatment physiotherapy is crucial for restoring strength and flexibility.

Prevention Tips

• Warm up before physical activity.

• Strengthen shoulder and upper back muscles.

• Avoid repetitive overhead motions when possible.

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